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2022-03-24T05:53:27Z

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	~~<!--'''Prostorno planiranje'''-->'''~~Prostorno planiranje''' označava [[metoda (softversko inženjerstvo)\|metode]] koje [[javni sektor]] koristi kako bi utjecao na distribuciju ljudi i aktivnosti u prostoru u različitim razmjerima. Prostorno planiranje obuhvaća sve razine [[planiranje uporabe zemljišta\|planiranja uporabe zemljišta]] uključujući [[urbanističko planiranje]], [[regionalno planiranje]], [[okolinsko planiranje]], nacionalne prostorne planove, a u Europskoj uniji obuhvaća i [[međunarodan\|međunarodnu]] razinu.		Prostorno planiranje''' označava [[metoda (softversko inženjerstvo)\|metode]] koje [[javni sektor]] koristi kako bi utjecao na distribuciju ljudi i aktivnosti u prostoru u različitim razmjerima. Prostorno planiranje obuhvaća sve razine [[planiranje uporabe zemljišta\|planiranja uporabe zemljišta]] uključujući [[urbanističko planiranje]], [[regionalno planiranje]], [[okolinsko planiranje]], nacionalne prostorne planove, a u Europskoj uniji obuhvaća i [[međunarodan\|međunarodnu]] razinu.

	Postoji mnogo defincija prostornog planiranja. Jedna od najranijih defincija nalazi se u [https://web.archive.org/web/20070311003459/http://www.coe.int/t/e/cultural_co-operation/environment/cemat/list_of_conferences/071_resol1983.asp Europskoj povelji o regionalnom/prostornom planiranju] (često nazivanoj 'Torremolinoska povelja') koju je 1983. prihvatila Europska konferencija ministara nadležnih za prostorno planiranje (CEMAT):		Postoji mnogo defincija prostornog planiranja. Jedna od najranijih defincija nalazi se u [https://web.archive.org/web/20070311003459/http://www.coe.int/t/e/cultural_co-operation/environment/cemat/list_of_conferences/071_resol1983.asp Europskoj povelji o regionalnom/prostornom planiranju] (često nazivanoj 'Torremolinoska povelja') koju je 1983. prihvatila Europska konferencija ministara nadležnih za prostorno planiranje (CEMAT):

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2021-09-04T11:39:55Z

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'''Prostorno planiranje''' označava [[metoda (softversko inženjerstvo)|metode]] koje [[javni sektor]] koristi kako bi utjecao na distribuciju ljudi i aktivnosti u prostoru u različitim razmjerima. Prostorno planiranje obuhvaća sve razine [[planiranje uporabe zemljišta|planiranja uporabe zemljišta]] uključujući [[urbanističko planiranje]], [[regionalno planiranje]], [[okolinsko planiranje]], nacionalne prostorne planove, a u Europskoj uniji obuhvaća i [[međunarodan|međunarodnu]] razinu.

Postoji mnogo defincija prostornog planiranja. Jedna od najranijih defincija nalazi se u [https://web.archive.org/web/20070311003459/http://www.coe.int/t/e/cultural_co-operation/environment/cemat/list_of_conferences/071_resol1983.asp Europskoj povelji o regionalnom/prostornom planiranju] (često nazivanoj 'Torremolinoska povelja') koju je 1983. prihvatila Europska konferencija ministara nadležnih za prostorno planiranje (CEMAT):
"''Regionalno/prostorno planiranje je geografski izraz ekonomske, socijalne, kulturne i ekološke politike društva. Ono je istovremeno znanstvena disciplina, administrativna tehnika i politika zamišljena kao interdisciplinarni i globalni pristup usmjeren uravnoteženom regionalnom razvoju i fizičkoj organizaciji prostora prema cjelovitoj strategiji.''"

Diljem [[svijet]]a postoje brojni sustavi planiranja. U sjeverozapadnoj Europi prostorno planiranje posebice se razvijalo od kasnih [[1950-ih]].

==Sustavi prostornog planiranja u Europi==
Različiti '''pregledi sustava prostornog planiranja''' mogu se pronaći u [[Europa|Europi]]. Sljedeća tablica pokazuje neke od glavnih izvora, obuhvaćene države i datume objavljivanja.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!
! Common Mindscapes – [http://www.commin.org COMMIN]
! COST Akcija za zelene strukture i urbanističko planiranje – [http://www.map21ltd.com/COSTC11 COST C11]
! Europska mreža za promatranje prostornog planiranja – [http://www.espon.eu ESPON 2.3.2]
! Eruopska komisija, DG-REGIO – [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm EU Compendium]
! Europska konferencija ministara nadležnih za regionalno/prostorno planiranje – [https://web.archive.org/web/20071211181615/http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/policies/CEMAT/Default_en.asp CEMAT]
! Europska alternativa za prostornu i teritorijalnu integraciju – [http://estia.arch.auth.gr/estia/ ESTIA]
! ISOCARP – Međunarodno društvo urbanističkih i regionalnih planera – [http://www.isocarp.org ISOCARP]
! Japansko ministarstvo za zemlju, infrastrukturu i transport – [http://www.mlit.go.jp/index_e.html MLIT]
! Pravni sustavi za prostorno planiranje – [http://217.199.4.152:8080/general/lexalp/index.php LEXALP]
! Kraljevska komisija za onečišćenje okoliša – [http://www.rcep.org.uk RCEP]
! Ekonomska komisija UN-a za Europu – [http://www.unece.org UNECE]
! Vizije i strategije za Baltičko more – [http://vasab.leontief.net VASAB]
|-
| [[Albanija]]
|
|
|
|
|
| [http://estia.arch.auth.gr/estia/eng/vsplan 2000]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| [[Armenija]]
|
|
|
|
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20070706183229/http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/Policies/CEMAT/national_en.asp 2006]
|
|
|
|
|
| [http://www.unece.org/env/epr/countriesreviewed.htm 2000]
|
|-
| [[Austrija]]
|
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
| [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm 1997]
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
| [http://217.199.4.152:8080/general/lexalp/index.php 2008]
|
|
|
|-
| [[Belgija]]
|
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
| [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm 1997]
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| [[Bjelorusija]]
| [http://commin.org/en/planning-systems/national-planning-systems/nations.html 2007]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [http://vasab.leontief.net/countries.phtml 2000]
|-
| [[Bugarska]]
|
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
|
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20070706183229/http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/Policies/CEMAT/national_en.asp 2003]
| [http://estia.arch.auth.gr/estia/eng/vsplan 2000]
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| [[Cipar]]
|
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| [[Češka]]
|
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
|
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| [[Danska]]
| [http://commin.org/en/planning-systems/national-planning-systems/nations.html 2007]
| [http://www.map21ltd.com/COSTC11/wg2.htm 2005]
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
| [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm 1997]
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
|
| [http://vasab.leontief.net/countries.phtml 2000]
|-
| [[Estonija]]
| [http://commin.org/en/planning-systems/national-planning-systems/nations.html 2007]
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
|
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
|
| [http://vasab.leontief.net/countries.phtml 2000]
|-
| [[Finska]]
| [http://commin.org/en/planning-systems/national-planning-systems/nations.html 2007]
| [http://www.map21ltd.com/COSTC11/wg2.htm 2005]
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
| [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm 1997]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20070706183229/http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/Policies/CEMAT/national_en.asp 2005]
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
|
| [http://vasab.leontief.net/countries.phtml 2000]
|-
| [[Francuska]]
|
| [http://www.map21ltd.com/COSTC11/wg2.htm 2005]
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
| [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm 1997]
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
| [http://www.mlit.go.jp/kokudokeikaku/international/sp/index_en.html 2007]
| [http://217.199.4.152:8080/general/lexalp/index.php 2008]
| [http://www.rcep.org.uk/UWE1a.htm 2000]
|
|
|-
| [[Grčka]]
|
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
| [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm 1997]
|
| [http://estia.arch.auth.gr/estia/eng/vsplan 2000]
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| [[Gruzija]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [http://www.unece.org/env/epr/countriesreviewed.htm 2003]
|
|-
| [[Irska]]
|
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
| [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm 1997]
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
| [http://www.rcep.org.uk/UWE1a.htm 2000]
|
|
|-
| [[Italija]]
|
| [http://www.map21ltd.com/COSTC11/wg2.htm 2005]
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
| [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm 1997]
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
| [http://217.199.4.152:8080/general/lexalp/index.php 2008]
|
|
|
|-
| [[Latvija]]
| [http://commin.org/en/planning-systems/national-planning-systems/nations.html 2007]
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [http://www.unece.org/env/epr/countriesreviewed.htm 1998]
| [http://vasab.leontief.net/countries.phtml 2000]
|-
| [[Litva]]
| [http://commin.org/en/planning-systems/national-planning-systems/nations.html 2007]
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [http://www.unece.org/env/epr/countriesreviewed.htm 1998]
| [http://vasab.leontief.net/countries.phtml 2000]
|-
| [[Luksemburg]]
|
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
| [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm 1997]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20070706183229/http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/Policies/CEMAT/national_en.asp 2006]
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| [[Mađarska]]
|
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
|
|
| [http://estia.arch.auth.gr/estia/eng/vsplan 2000]
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| [[Makedonija]]
|
|
|
|
|
| [http://estia.arch.auth.gr/estia/eng/vsplan 2000]
|
|
|
|
| [http://www.unece.org/env/epr/countriesreviewed.htm 2002]
|
|-
| [[Malta]]
|
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| [[Nizozemska]]
|
| [http://www.map21ltd.com/COSTC11/wg2.htm 2005]
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
| [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm 1997]
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
| [http://www.mlit.go.jp/kokudokeikaku/international/sp/index_en.html 2007]
|
| [http://www.rcep.org.uk/UWE1a.htm 2000]
|
|
|-
| [[Norveška]]
| [http://commin.org/en/planning-systems/national-planning-systems/nations.html 2007]
| [http://www.map21ltd.com/COSTC11/wg2.htm 2005]
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
|
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
|
| [http://vasab.leontief.net/countries.phtml 2000]
|-
| [[Njemačka]]
| [http://commin.org/en/planning-systems/national-planning-systems/nations.html 2007]
| [http://www.map21ltd.com/COSTC11/wg2.htm 2005]
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
| [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm 1997]
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
| [http://www.mlit.go.jp/kokudokeikaku/international/sp/index_en.html 2007]
| [http://217.199.4.152:8080/general/lexalp/index.php 2008]
| [http://www.rcep.org.uk/UWE1a.htm 2000]
|
| [http://vasab.leontief.net/countries.phtml 2000]
|-
| [[Poljska]]
| [http://commin.org/en/planning-systems/national-planning-systems/nations.html 2007]
| [http://www.map21ltd.com/COSTC11/wg2.htm 2005]
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
|
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
|
| [http://vasab.leontief.net/countries.phtml 2000]
|-
| [[Portugal]]
|
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
| [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm 1997]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20070706183229/http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/Policies/CEMAT/national_en.asp 2004]
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
|
|-
| [[Rumunjska]]
|
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
|
|
| [http://estia.arch.auth.gr/estia/eng/vsplan 2000]
|
|
|
|
| [http://www.unece.org/env/epr/countriesreviewed.htm 2001]
|
|-
| [[Ruska Federacija]]
| [http://commin.org/en/planning-systems/national-planning-systems/nations.html 2007]
|
|
|
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
|
| [http://vasab.leontief.net/countries.phtml 2000]
|-
| [[Slovačka]]
|
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
|
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
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|-
| [[Slovenija]]
|
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
|
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20070706183229/http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/Policies/CEMAT/national_en.asp 2003]
|
|
|
| [http://217.199.4.152:8080/general/lexalp/index.php 2008]
|
| [http://www.unece.org/env/epr/countriesreviewed.htm 1997]
|
|-
| [[Srbija]]
|
|
|
|
|
| [http://estia.arch.auth.gr/estia/eng/vsplan 2000]
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
| [http://www.unece.org/env/epr/countriesreviewed.htm 2007]
|
|-
| [[Španjolska]]
|
| [http://www.map21ltd.com/COSTC11/wg2.htm 2005]
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
| [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm 1997]
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| [[Švedska]]
| [http://commin.org/en/planning-systems/national-planning-systems/nations.html 2007]
| [http://www.map21ltd.com/COSTC11/wg2.htm 2005]
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
| [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm 1997]
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
|
| [http://www.rcep.org.uk/UWE1a.htm 2000]
|
| [http://vasab.leontief.net/countries.phtml 2000]
|-
| [[Švicarska]]
|
|
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
|
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
|
| [http://217.199.4.152:8080/general/lexalp/index.php 2008]
|
|
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|-
| [[Turska]]
|
|
|
|
|
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| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
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|-
| [[Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo]]
|
| [http://www.map21ltd.com/COSTC11/wg2.htm 2005]
| [http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/374/index_EN.html 2007]
| [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/spatial_en.htm 1997]
|
|
| [http://www.isocarp.org/index.php?id=141 2008]
| [http://www.mlit.go.jp/kokudokeikaku/international/sp/index_en.html 2007]
|
| [http://www.rcep.org.uk/UWE1a.htm 2000]
|
|
|-
|}

==Europsko prostorno planiranje==
Godine [[1999.]] ministri zaduženi za regionalno planiranje u zemljama članicama EU-a potpisali su dokument pod nazivom [[Europska perspektiva prostornog razvoja]] (ESDP). Iako ESDP nema obvezujući status, a [[Europska unija]] nema službene ovlasti za prostorno planiranje, ESDP je utjecao na politike prostornog planiranja u europskim regijama i državama članicama, te postavio koordinaciju sektorskih politika EU-a na politički dnevni red.

Termin [[teritorijalna kohezija]] sve se više koristi na europskoj razini, te se primjerice spominje u nacrtu Ugovora o EU (Ustav) kao zajednička sposobnost Europske unije; a također je uključen u [[Lisabonski ugovor]]. Termin je definiran u "opsežnom dokumentu" u Rotterdamu krajem [[2004.]] te je detaljno elaboriran uporabom empirijskih podataka iz [http://www.espon.eu/ programa ESPON] u dokumentu pod nazivom [http://www.ccre.org/docs/territorial_state_and_perspectives.pdf Teritorijalna država i perspektive Europske unije]. Na ministarskoj konferenciji u svibnju [[2007.]] u Leipzigu potpisan je politički dokument pod nazivom "Teritorijalna agenda" radi nastavka procesa započetog u Rotterdamu.

==Više informacija==
*[[Arhitektura]]
*[[Komparatvno planiranje]]
*[[Perspektiva prostornog razvoja Europske unije]]
*[[ESPRID]]
*[[Geografija]]
*[[ISOCARP - International Society of City and Regional Planners]]
*[[Krajobrazna arhitektura]]
*[[Planiranje uporabe zemljišta]]
*[[Regionalno planiranje]]
*[[Principi inteligentnog urbanizma]]
*[[Urbanističko planiranje]]

==Referencije==
*Andreas Faludi, Bas Waterhout, ''The Making of the European Spatial Development Perspective'', London Routledge 2002. {{ISBN|978-0415272643}}.
*Gerhard Larsson, Spatial Planning Systems in Western Europe - An Overview, Delft Univ Press (2006), {{ISBN|9781586036560}}
*UNECE, ''[http://www.unece.org/hlm/publications.htm#countryprofiles ''Spatial Planning - Key Instrument for Development and Effective Governance with Special Reference to Countries in Transition]'', Report ECE/HBP/146, Geneva [[UNECE]] 2008.
*Richard H. Williams, ''European union spatial policy and planning'', London Chapman 1996. {{ISBN|978-1853963056}}.

==Vanjske poveznice==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070706183229/http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/Policies/CEMAT/default_en.asp CEMAT] - Europska konferencija ministara nadležnih za regionalno planiranje
*[http://www.nordregio.se/EJSD EJSD] - ''European Journal of Spatial Development''
*[http://www.espon.eu ESPON] - Europska mreža za promatranje prostornog planiranja
*[http://www.planum.net Planum] - Europski časopis za planiranje
*[http://www.vasab.org VASAB] - Incijativa za prostorno planiranje baltičkomorske regije VASAB

[[Kategorija:Urbanizam]]

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