Japanski galeb - Povijest promjena

Suradnik10: Zamjena teksta - '{{(.)ommonscat(.*)}}' u ''

2026-03-08T23:40:39Z

Zamjena teksta - '{{(.)ommonscat(.*)}}' u ''

←Starija inačica		Inačica od 8. ožujak 2026. u 23:40
Redak 96:		Redak 96:

	== Vanjske poveznice ==		== Vanjske poveznice ==
	~~{{commonscat\|Larus crassirostris}}~~
	* [http://kabushima.com/umineko/index.html japanski galebovi u Kabushimi - službena stranica] (in Japanese)		* [http://kabushima.com/umineko/index.html japanski galebovi u Kabushimi - službena stranica] (in Japanese)
	* [http://kiwifoto.com/rba/btgu.html?Ref=Rare japanski galeb u Kaliforniji] Informacije i fotografije [http://kiwifoto.com/rba/btgu.html?Ref=Rare galeba s] crnim repom u Kaliforniji		* [http://kiwifoto.com/rba/btgu.html?Ref=Rare japanski galeb u Kaliforniji] Informacije i fotografije [http://kiwifoto.com/rba/btgu.html?Ref=Rare galeba s] crnim repom u Kaliforniji

WikiSysop: Bot: Automatska zamjena teksta (-{{cite book +{{Citiranje knjige)

2022-01-02T13:48:31Z

Bot: Automatska zamjena teksta (-{{cite book +{{Citiranje knjige)

←Starija inačica		Inačica od 2. siječanj 2022. u 13:48
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	<ref name="blog.naver.com">{{Citiranje weba\|url=https://blog.naver.com/koreamof?Redirect=Log&logNo=221120842135\|title=ko:해양수산부 공식 블로그 : 네이버 블로그\|website=blog.naver.com\|language=ko\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>		<ref name="blog.naver.com">{{Citiranje weba\|url=https://blog.naver.com/koreamof?Redirect=Log&logNo=221120842135\|title=ko:해양수산부 공식 블로그 : 네이버 블로그\|website=blog.naver.com\|language=ko\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>

	<ref name="hoyo">{{~~cite book~~\|last=Boles\|first=Walter\|title=Handbook of Birds of the World, Volume 3\|editor=Josep del Hoyo \|editor2=Andrew Elliott \|editor3=David A. Christie\|year=2009\|publisher=Lynx Edicions\|location=Barcelona, Spain}}</ref>		<ref name="hoyo">{{Citiranje knjige\|last=Boles\|first=Walter\|title=Handbook of Birds of the World, Volume 3\|editor=Josep del Hoyo \|editor2=Andrew Elliott \|editor3=David A. Christie\|year=2009\|publisher=Lynx Edicions\|location=Barcelona, Spain}}</ref>

	<ref name="Hoon 2004">{{Citiranje časopisa\|last=Chung\|first=Hoon\|date=2004\|title=Communication of young black tailed gulls, larus crassirostris, in response to parent's behavior\|journal=Korean Journal of Biological Sciences\|volume=8\|issue=4\|pages=295–300\|doi=10.1080/12265071.2004.9647763\|doi-access=free}}</ref>		<ref name="Hoon 2004">{{Citiranje časopisa\|last=Chung\|first=Hoon\|date=2004\|title=Communication of young black tailed gulls, larus crassirostris, in response to parent's behavior\|journal=Korean Journal of Biological Sciences\|volume=8\|issue=4\|pages=295–300\|doi=10.1080/12265071.2004.9647763\|doi-access=free}}</ref>

WikiSysop: Bot: Automatska zamjena teksta (-{{Cite web +{{Citiranje weba)

2022-01-02T06:19:44Z

Bot: Automatska zamjena teksta (-{{Cite web +{{Citiranje weba)

←Starija inačica		Inačica od 2. siječanj 2022. u 06:19
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	<ref name="k-dokdo.com">{{Citiranje weba \|title=Characters of Dokdo \|url=http://k-dokdo.com/index.do?menu_id=00010079 \|website=K-Dokdo}}</ref>		<ref name="k-dokdo.com">{{Citiranje weba \|title=Characters of Dokdo \|url=http://k-dokdo.com/index.do?menu_id=00010079 \|website=K-Dokdo}}</ref>

	<ref name="english.cha.go.kr">{{~~Cite web~~\|url=http://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?sCcebKdcd=16&ccebAsno=03340000&sCcebCtcd=34\|title=Natural Monument 334\|website=Korean Cultural Heritage Administration\|archive-date=2018-06-10\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>		<ref name="english.cha.go.kr">{{Citiranje weba\|url=http://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?sCcebKdcd=16&ccebAsno=03340000&sCcebCtcd=34\|title=Natural Monument 334\|website=Korean Cultural Heritage Administration\|archive-date=2018-06-10\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>

	<ref name="english.cha.go.kr-2">{{~~Cite web~~\|url=http://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?sCcebKdcd=16&ccebAsno=03350000&sCcebCtcd=38\|title=Natural Monument 335\|website=Korean Cultural Heritage Administration\|language=en\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>		<ref name="english.cha.go.kr-2">{{Citiranje weba\|url=http://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?sCcebKdcd=16&ccebAsno=03350000&sCcebCtcd=38\|title=Natural Monument 335\|website=Korean Cultural Heritage Administration\|language=en\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>

	<ref name="birds.cornell.edu">{{Citiranje weba\|url=http://www.birds.cornell.edu/crows/Black_t_gull.htm\|title=Black-tailed Gull, Larus crassirostris, Charlotte Town Beach, Charlotte, Chittenden Co., VT, 23 October 2005}}</ref>		<ref name="birds.cornell.edu">{{Citiranje weba\|url=http://www.birds.cornell.edu/crows/Black_t_gull.htm\|title=Black-tailed Gull, Larus crassirostris, Charlotte Town Beach, Charlotte, Chittenden Co., VT, 23 October 2005}}</ref>
Redak 88:		Redak 88:
	<ref name="blog.aba.org">{{Citiranje weba\|last=Swick\|first=Nate\|url=http://blog.aba.org/2016/01/abarare-black-tailed-gull-illinois.html\|title=Rare – Black-tailed Gull – Illinois January 11, 2016\|publisher=[[American Birding Association]] blog}}</ref>		<ref name="blog.aba.org">{{Citiranje weba\|last=Swick\|first=Nate\|url=http://blog.aba.org/2016/01/abarare-black-tailed-gull-illinois.html\|title=Rare – Black-tailed Gull – Illinois January 11, 2016\|publisher=[[American Birding Association]] blog}}</ref>

	<ref name="blog.naver.com">{{~~Cite web~~\|url=https://blog.naver.com/koreamof?Redirect=Log&logNo=221120842135\|title=ko:해양수산부 공식 블로그 : 네이버 블로그\|website=blog.naver.com\|language=ko\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>		<ref name="blog.naver.com">{{Citiranje weba\|url=https://blog.naver.com/koreamof?Redirect=Log&logNo=221120842135\|title=ko:해양수산부 공식 블로그 : 네이버 블로그\|website=blog.naver.com\|language=ko\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>

	<ref name="hoyo">{{cite book\|last=Boles\|first=Walter\|title=Handbook of Birds of the World, Volume 3\|editor=Josep del Hoyo \|editor2=Andrew Elliott \|editor3=David A. Christie\|year=2009\|publisher=Lynx Edicions\|location=Barcelona, Spain}}</ref>		<ref name="hoyo">{{cite book\|last=Boles\|first=Walter\|title=Handbook of Birds of the World, Volume 3\|editor=Josep del Hoyo \|editor2=Andrew Elliott \|editor3=David A. Christie\|year=2009\|publisher=Lynx Edicions\|location=Barcelona, Spain}}</ref>

WikiSysop: Bot: Automatska zamjena teksta (-{{cite web +{{Citiranje weba)

2021-12-22T01:09:03Z

Bot: Automatska zamjena teksta (-{{cite web +{{Citiranje weba)

WikiSysop: \

2021-12-17T19:00:13Z

←Starija inačica		Inačica od 17. prosinac 2021. u 19:00
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	<ref name="hoyo">{{cite book\|last=Boles\|first=Walter\|title=Handbook of Birds of the World, Volume 3\|editor=Josep del Hoyo \|editor2=Andrew Elliott \|editor3=David A. Christie\|year=2009\|publisher=Lynx Edicions\|location=Barcelona, Spain}}</ref>		<ref name="hoyo">{{cite book\|last=Boles\|first=Walter\|title=Handbook of Birds of the World, Volume 3\|editor=Josep del Hoyo \|editor2=Andrew Elliott \|editor3=David A. Christie\|year=2009\|publisher=Lynx Edicions\|location=Barcelona, Spain}}</ref>

	<ref name="Hoon 2004">{{~~Cite journal~~\|last=Chung\|first=Hoon\|date=2004\|title=Communication of young black tailed gulls, larus crassirostris, in response to parent's behavior\|journal=Korean Journal of Biological Sciences\|volume=8\|issue=4\|pages=295–300\|doi=10.1080/12265071.2004.9647763\|doi-access=free}}</ref>		<ref name="Hoon 2004">{{Citiranje časopisa\|last=Chung\|first=Hoon\|date=2004\|title=Communication of young black tailed gulls, larus crassirostris, in response to parent's behavior\|journal=Korean Journal of Biological Sciences\|volume=8\|issue=4\|pages=295–300\|doi=10.1080/12265071.2004.9647763\|doi-access=free}}</ref>
	}}		}}

WikiSysop: Bot: Automatski unos stranica

2021-12-10T11:28:16Z

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Nova stranica

{{Taksokvir
| boja = pink
| naziv = Japanski galeb
| slika = Laridae in Beijing Zoo.JPG
| slika_širina = 200px
| slika_opis =
| status = LC
| status_sistem = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="IUCN"/>
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| classis = [[Aves]]
| ordo = [[Charadriiformes]]
| familia = [[Laridae]]
| genus = ''[[Larus]]''
| species = ''''' L. crassirostris'''''
| dvoimeno = Larus crassirostris
| dvoimeno_autorstvo = [[Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot|Vieillot]], 1818, [[Nagasaki, Nagasaki|Nagasaki]]
| karta_raspon =
}}'''Japanski galeb''' ([[Latinski jezik|lat.]] ''Larus crassirostris'') je galeb s obala [[Istočna Azija|istočne Azije]].

== Opis ==
Japanski galeb je srednje veličine (46 cm), s rasponom krila od 126 do 128 cm. Ima žute noge i crveno-crnu mrlju na kraju [[kljun]]a. Mužjaci i ženke imaju identično [[perje]] i osobine, iako su mužjaci veći od ženki.<ref name="external"/> Potrebne su četiri godine da galeb dostigne puno odraslo perje.<ref name="surfbirds.com"/> Kao što i samo ime govori, ima crni rep. Ptica ima glasanje slično mački, čemu duguje svoje japansko ime - ''umineko'' (海猫, "morska mačka"), i korejsko ime - ''gwaeng-yi'' galeb, što znači "mačji" galeb. U [[Hachinohe]]u su jedan od [[100 zvukova Japana]].<ref name="env.go.jp"/>

== Rasprostranjenost i stanište ==
Ovaj galeb obitava na obalama [[Istočno kinesko more|Istočnokineskog mora]], [[Japan]]a, [[Mandžurija|Mandžurije]] i [[Kurilski otoci|Kurilskih otoka]]. Zalazi u [[Aljaska|Aljasku]] i [[Sjeverna Amerika|Sjevernu Ameriku]]<ref name="audubon.org"/><ref name="birdweb.org"/> a pronađen je i na [[Filipini]]ma.<ref name="birdlife.org"/>

=== U Japanu ===
Ptica je česta u Japanu, gnijezdi se od [[Hokkaido|Hokkaida]] do zapadnog dijela otoka [[Kyushu]]. Zbog ovih su ptica više puta odgođeni letovi u [[Zračna luka Haneda|Zračnoj luci Haneda]].<ref name="japantimes.co.jp"/>
[[Datoteka:Kabushima3.JPG|mini|Galebovi u Kabušimi]]
Ogroman broj japanskih galebova na okupu može se naći na [[Kabušima|Kabušimi]], poluotoku (nekadašnjem otoku) u gradu [[Hachinohe, Aomori|Hachinoheu]] u [[Aomoti]], Japan. Japanski galeb smatra glasnikom božice ribarstva. Godine 1269., ribari su podigli [[šintoizam|šintoističko]] svetište [[Svetište Kabušima|Kabušima]]. Svetište je od tada nekoliko puta obnavljano, a galebovi već preko 700 godina uživaju poštovanje, hranjenje i zaštitu lokalnog stanovništva. Kao rezultat toga, svakog se ljeta preko 40 000 japanskih galebova gnijezdi i podiže svoje mlade na tlu svetišta i okolnog otoka, koji je vlada Japana proglasila nacionalnim [[Spomenik prirode|spomenikom prirode]]. Galebovi su vrlo pitomi i popularna su lokalna turistička atrakcija.<ref name="www.japantimes.co.jp-2"/>

Oko 5000 ptica također se gnijezdi na [[Fuma-shima|Fumi-shimi]] u [[Shimane (prefektura)|prefekturi Shimane]] blizu [[Svetište Izumo|svetišta Izumo]],<ref name="japantimes.co.jp-3"/> a na otoku Teuri na Hokkaidu postoji velika kolonija.<ref name="/www.japantimes.co.jp-4"/>

=== U Koreji ===
Vrsta je česta na obali Koreje i na raznim otocima. Na [[Stijene Liancourt|stijenama Liancourt]] nalazi se preko 20 000 japanskih galebova, a broj se povećava zbog odsutnosti grabežljivaca. Godine 2008. ptica je službeno izabrana za jednu od maskota stijena Liancourt.<ref name="k-dokdo.com"/> Otoci [[Nando]] i [[Hongdo]], oba korejska [[Spomenik prirode|spomenika prirode]] od 1982. godine, također su poznata kao mjesta razmnožavanja ovih galebova.<ref name="english.cha.go.kr"/><ref name="english.cha.go.kr-2"/>

=== U Sjevernoj Americi ===
Rijedak je posjetitelj Sjedinjenih Država, a primijećen je u listopadu 2005. u [[Burlington, Vermont|Burlingtonu]] u [[Vermont]]u.<ref name="birds.cornell.edu"/> Vrsta je nekoliko puta primijećena u saveznoj državi [[Illinois]].<ref name="blog.aba.org"/>

== Ekologija ==
Japanski galeb hrani se uglavnom sitnom [[Ribe|ribom]], [[mekušci]]mma, ostacima [[Rakovi|rakova]] i strvinama. Studija koja je analizirala prepoznatljive dijelove ekskreta galeba u Koreji otkrila je da se 19,1% sastojalo od ostataka ribe, 3,3% rakova i 3,3% kopnenih insekata.<ref name="blog.naver.com"/>

Ovi galebovi često prati brodove i komercijalne ribolovne flote. Također kradu hranu drugim morskim pticama. Gnijezdi se u [[kolonija (biologija)|kolonijama]] koje se stvaraju sredinom travnja. Po 2-3 [[jaja]]šca polažu se početkom lipnja, a [[inkubacija]] traje približno 24 dana.<ref name="hoyo"/>

Japanski galebovi koriste se raznim glasovnim signalima, a poznato je da koriste više od 10 različitih zvukova za komunikaciju. Mladi mogu prepoznati svoje roditelje po njihovoj glasovnoj i vizualnoj stimulaciji između 10 i 15 dana nakon izlijeganja, a također mogu razlikovati braću i sestre. Signali za uzbunu signali su upozorenja koji upozoravaju na grabežljivce ili opasnost. Napadi na grabežljivce popraćeno su glasnim graktanjem. Kontaktni signali se koriste za komunikaciju unutar vrste. Najčešći je zvuk poput mačke ("mačji poziv") dio je kontaktnog poziva i često se koristi, kao kod povratka u gnijezdo nakon uzimanja hrane, izmjenjivanje uloge parenja i gniježđenja, briga o pomlatku, kolektivni let itd. U kontaktni poziv također su uključeni zvuk mladog galeba koji moli za hranu i zvuk ženke tijekom [[parenje|parenja]].<ref name="Hoon 2004"/>

== Slike ==
<gallery>
Datoteka:Black-tailed Gull Kclama.jpg|japanski galeb s nezrelim perjem
Datoteka:Black-tailed gull.jpg|japanski galeb u [[Zaljev Tokio|zaljevu Tokio]]
Datoteka:Black-tailed Gull Mikahosi.jpg|Japanski galeb u [[Hachinohe, Aomori|Hachinoheu]]
Datoteka:Kabushima02.jpg|japanski galebovi na ulazu u [[svetište Kabušima]]
</gallery>

== Izvori ==
{{Izvori|refs=
<ref name="IUCN">{{cite iucn|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22694289/0 |title=''Larus crassirostris'' |author=BirdLife International |author-link=BirdLife International |year=2012 |access-date=5 April 2016|ref=harv}}</ref>

<ref name="external">{{cite journal|last1=Chochi|first1=Michiyo|first2=Yasuaki|last2=Niizuma|first3=Masaoki|last3=Takagi|title=Sexual differences in the external measurements of Black-tailed Gulls breeding on Rishiri Island, Japan|journal=Ornithological Science|volume=1|issue=2|year=2002|pages=163–166|doi=10.2326/osj.1.163|doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="surfbirds.com">{{cite web|last=Doherty|first=Paul|url=http://www.surfbirds.com/mb/Features/black-tailed-gull.html|title=Black-tailed Gull: a photo essay|website=Surfbirds.com}}</ref>

<ref name="env.go.jp">{{cite web |url=http://www.env.go.jp/air/life/nihon_no_oto/02_2007oto100sen_Pamphlet.pdf |publisher=Ministarstvo okoliša (Japan)|title=残したい日本の音風景100選}}</ref>

<ref name="audubon.org">[https://www.audubon.org/field-guide/bird/black-tailed-gull Black-tailed Gull] ''Audubon Field Guide'' Retrieved April 5, 2016</ref>

<ref name="birdweb.org">{{cite web|url=http://birdweb.org/birdweb/bird/black-tailed_gull|title=Black-tailed Gull|website=Birdweb.org}}</ref>

<ref name="birdlife.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/speciesfactsheet.php?id=3211|title=Black-tailed Gull Larus crassirostris Factsheet|website=[[BirdLife International]]}}</ref>

<ref name="japantimes.co.jp">[http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2003/11/22/national/shooing-away-pesky-birds-never-ending-job-at-haneda/ Shooing away pesky birds never-ending job at Haneda November 22, 2003] ''[[The Japan Times]]'' Retrieved April 5, 2016</ref>

<ref name="www.japantimes.co.jp-2">{{cite web|last=Otaka|first=Tomoko|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2012/07/22/travel/power-spots-and-prehistory-in-beautiful-aomori-prefecture/|title=Power spots and prehistory in beautiful Aomori Prefecture|publisher=[[The Japan Times]]}}</ref>

<ref name="japantimes.co.jp-3">{{cite web|last=Bamforth|first=Chris|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2006/04/28/travel/here-be-the-land-of-the-gods/|title=Here be the land of the gods|date=28 April 2006|publisher=[[The Japan Times]]}}</ref>

<ref name="/www.japantimes.co.jp-4">{{cite web|last=Brazil|first=Mark|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2000/07/05/environment/migrants-and-vagrants-under-teuris-crags/|title=Migrants and vagrants under Teuri's crags|date=5 July 2000|publisher=[[The Japan Times]]}}</ref>

<ref name="k-dokdo.com">{{cite web |title=Characters of Dokdo |url=http://k-dokdo.com/index.do?menu_id=00010079 |website=K-Dokdo}}</ref>

<ref name="english.cha.go.kr">{{Cite web|url=http://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?sCcebKdcd=16&ccebAsno=03340000&sCcebCtcd=34|title=Natural Monument 334|website=Korean Cultural Heritage Administration|archive-date=2018-06-10|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>

<ref name="english.cha.go.kr-2">{{Cite web|url=http://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?sCcebKdcd=16&ccebAsno=03350000&sCcebCtcd=38|title=Natural Monument 335|website=Korean Cultural Heritage Administration|language=en|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>

<ref name="birds.cornell.edu">{{cite web|url=http://www.birds.cornell.edu/crows/Black_t_gull.htm|title=Black-tailed Gull, Larus crassirostris, Charlotte Town Beach, Charlotte, Chittenden Co., VT, 23 October 2005}}</ref>

<ref name="blog.aba.org">{{cite web|last=Swick|first=Nate|url=http://blog.aba.org/2016/01/abarare-black-tailed-gull-illinois.html|title=Rare – Black-tailed Gull – Illinois January 11, 2016|publisher=[[American Birding Association]] blog}}</ref>

<ref name="blog.naver.com">{{Cite web|url=https://blog.naver.com/koreamof?Redirect=Log&logNo=221120842135|title=ko:해양수산부 공식 블로그 : 네이버 블로그|website=blog.naver.com|language=ko|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>

<ref name="hoyo">{{cite book|last=Boles|first=Walter|title=Handbook of Birds of the World, Volume 3|editor=Josep del Hoyo |editor2=Andrew Elliott |editor3=David A. Christie|year=2009|publisher=Lynx Edicions|location=Barcelona, Spain}}</ref>

<ref name="Hoon 2004">{{Cite journal|last=Chung|first=Hoon|date=2004|title=Communication of young black tailed gulls, larus crassirostris, in response to parent's behavior|journal=Korean Journal of Biological Sciences|volume=8|issue=4|pages=295–300|doi=10.1080/12265071.2004.9647763|doi-access=free}}</ref>
}}

== Vanjske poveznice ==
{{commonscat|Larus crassirostris}}
* [http://kabushima.com/umineko/index.html japanski galebovi u Kabushimi - službena stranica] (in Japanese)
* [http://kiwifoto.com/rba/btgu.html?Ref=Rare japanski galeb u Kaliforniji] Informacije i fotografije [http://kiwifoto.com/rba/btgu.html?Ref=Rare galeba s] crnim repom u Kaliforniji
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BxONmG1FuMQ Video koji prikazuje galebove Kabushime]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DtKxQ7fghOo Video koji prikazuje galebove Kabushime]

[[Kategorija:Galeb]]

←Starija inačica		Inačica od 2. siječanj 2022. u 13:48
Redak 90:		Redak 90:
	<ref name="blog.naver.com">{{Citiranje weba\|url=https://blog.naver.com/koreamof?Redirect=Log&logNo=221120842135\|title=ko:해양수산부 공식 블로그 : 네이버 블로그\|website=blog.naver.com\|language=ko\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>		<ref name="blog.naver.com">{{Citiranje weba\|url=https://blog.naver.com/koreamof?Redirect=Log&logNo=221120842135\|title=ko:해양수산부 공식 블로그 : 네이버 블로그\|website=blog.naver.com\|language=ko\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>

	<ref name="hoyo">{{~~cite book~~\|last=Boles\|first=Walter\|title=Handbook of Birds of the World, Volume 3\|editor=Josep del Hoyo \|editor2=Andrew Elliott \|editor3=David A. Christie\|year=2009\|publisher=Lynx Edicions\|location=Barcelona, Spain}}</ref>		<ref name="hoyo">{{Citiranje knjige\|last=Boles\|first=Walter\|title=Handbook of Birds of the World, Volume 3\|editor=Josep del Hoyo \|editor2=Andrew Elliott \|editor3=David A. Christie\|year=2009\|publisher=Lynx Edicions\|location=Barcelona, Spain}}</ref>

	<ref name="Hoon 2004">{{Citiranje časopisa\|last=Chung\|first=Hoon\|date=2004\|title=Communication of young black tailed gulls, larus crassirostris, in response to parent's behavior\|journal=Korean Journal of Biological Sciences\|volume=8\|issue=4\|pages=295–300\|doi=10.1080/12265071.2004.9647763\|doi-access=free}}</ref>		<ref name="Hoon 2004">{{Citiranje časopisa\|last=Chung\|first=Hoon\|date=2004\|title=Communication of young black tailed gulls, larus crassirostris, in response to parent's behavior\|journal=Korean Journal of Biological Sciences\|volume=8\|issue=4\|pages=295–300\|doi=10.1080/12265071.2004.9647763\|doi-access=free}}</ref>

←Starija inačica		Inačica od 2. siječanj 2022. u 06:19
Redak 80:		Redak 80:
	<ref name="k-dokdo.com">{{Citiranje weba \|title=Characters of Dokdo \|url=http://k-dokdo.com/index.do?menu_id=00010079 \|website=K-Dokdo}}</ref>		<ref name="k-dokdo.com">{{Citiranje weba \|title=Characters of Dokdo \|url=http://k-dokdo.com/index.do?menu_id=00010079 \|website=K-Dokdo}}</ref>

	<ref name="english.cha.go.kr">{{~~Cite web~~\|url=http://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?sCcebKdcd=16&ccebAsno=03340000&sCcebCtcd=34\|title=Natural Monument 334\|website=Korean Cultural Heritage Administration\|archive-date=2018-06-10\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>		<ref name="english.cha.go.kr">{{Citiranje weba\|url=http://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?sCcebKdcd=16&ccebAsno=03340000&sCcebCtcd=34\|title=Natural Monument 334\|website=Korean Cultural Heritage Administration\|archive-date=2018-06-10\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>

	<ref name="english.cha.go.kr-2">{{~~Cite web~~\|url=http://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?sCcebKdcd=16&ccebAsno=03350000&sCcebCtcd=38\|title=Natural Monument 335\|website=Korean Cultural Heritage Administration\|language=en\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>		<ref name="english.cha.go.kr-2">{{Citiranje weba\|url=http://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?sCcebKdcd=16&ccebAsno=03350000&sCcebCtcd=38\|title=Natural Monument 335\|website=Korean Cultural Heritage Administration\|language=en\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>

	<ref name="birds.cornell.edu">{{Citiranje weba\|url=http://www.birds.cornell.edu/crows/Black_t_gull.htm\|title=Black-tailed Gull, Larus crassirostris, Charlotte Town Beach, Charlotte, Chittenden Co., VT, 23 October 2005}}</ref>		<ref name="birds.cornell.edu">{{Citiranje weba\|url=http://www.birds.cornell.edu/crows/Black_t_gull.htm\|title=Black-tailed Gull, Larus crassirostris, Charlotte Town Beach, Charlotte, Chittenden Co., VT, 23 October 2005}}</ref>
Redak 88:		Redak 88:
	<ref name="blog.aba.org">{{Citiranje weba\|last=Swick\|first=Nate\|url=http://blog.aba.org/2016/01/abarare-black-tailed-gull-illinois.html\|title=Rare – Black-tailed Gull – Illinois January 11, 2016\|publisher=[[American Birding Association]] blog}}</ref>		<ref name="blog.aba.org">{{Citiranje weba\|last=Swick\|first=Nate\|url=http://blog.aba.org/2016/01/abarare-black-tailed-gull-illinois.html\|title=Rare – Black-tailed Gull – Illinois January 11, 2016\|publisher=[[American Birding Association]] blog}}</ref>

	<ref name="blog.naver.com">{{~~Cite web~~\|url=https://blog.naver.com/koreamof?Redirect=Log&logNo=221120842135\|title=ko:해양수산부 공식 블로그 : 네이버 블로그\|website=blog.naver.com\|language=ko\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>		<ref name="blog.naver.com">{{Citiranje weba\|url=https://blog.naver.com/koreamof?Redirect=Log&logNo=221120842135\|title=ko:해양수산부 공식 블로그 : 네이버 블로그\|website=blog.naver.com\|language=ko\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>

	<ref name="hoyo">{{cite book\|last=Boles\|first=Walter\|title=Handbook of Birds of the World, Volume 3\|editor=Josep del Hoyo \|editor2=Andrew Elliott \|editor3=David A. Christie\|year=2009\|publisher=Lynx Edicions\|location=Barcelona, Spain}}</ref>		<ref name="hoyo">{{cite book\|last=Boles\|first=Walter\|title=Handbook of Birds of the World, Volume 3\|editor=Josep del Hoyo \|editor2=Andrew Elliott \|editor3=David A. Christie\|year=2009\|publisher=Lynx Edicions\|location=Barcelona, Spain}}</ref>

←Starija inačica		Inačica od 22. prosinac 2021. u 01:09
Redak 60:		Redak 60:
	<ref name="external">{{cite journal\|last1=Chochi\|first1=Michiyo\|first2=Yasuaki\|last2=Niizuma\|first3=Masaoki\|last3=Takagi\|title=Sexual differences in the external measurements of Black-tailed Gulls breeding on Rishiri Island, Japan\|journal=Ornithological Science\|volume=1\|issue=2\|year=2002\|pages=163–166\|doi=10.2326/osj.1.163\|doi-access=free}}</ref>		<ref name="external">{{cite journal\|last1=Chochi\|first1=Michiyo\|first2=Yasuaki\|last2=Niizuma\|first3=Masaoki\|last3=Takagi\|title=Sexual differences in the external measurements of Black-tailed Gulls breeding on Rishiri Island, Japan\|journal=Ornithological Science\|volume=1\|issue=2\|year=2002\|pages=163–166\|doi=10.2326/osj.1.163\|doi-access=free}}</ref>

	<ref name="surfbirds.com">{{~~cite web~~\|last=Doherty\|first=Paul\|url=http://www.surfbirds.com/mb/Features/black-tailed-gull.html\|title=Black-tailed Gull: a photo essay\|website=Surfbirds.com}}</ref>		<ref name="surfbirds.com">{{Citiranje weba\|last=Doherty\|first=Paul\|url=http://www.surfbirds.com/mb/Features/black-tailed-gull.html\|title=Black-tailed Gull: a photo essay\|website=Surfbirds.com}}</ref>

	<ref name="env.go.jp">{{~~cite web~~ \|url=http://www.env.go.jp/air/life/nihon_no_oto/02_2007oto100sen_Pamphlet.pdf \|publisher=Ministarstvo okoliša (Japan)\|title=残したい日本の音風景100選}}</ref>		<ref name="env.go.jp">{{Citiranje weba \|url=http://www.env.go.jp/air/life/nihon_no_oto/02_2007oto100sen_Pamphlet.pdf \|publisher=Ministarstvo okoliša (Japan)\|title=残したい日本の音風景100選}}</ref>

	<ref name="audubon.org">[https://www.audubon.org/field-guide/bird/black-tailed-gull Black-tailed Gull] ''Audubon Field Guide'' Retrieved April 5, 2016</ref>		<ref name="audubon.org">[https://www.audubon.org/field-guide/bird/black-tailed-gull Black-tailed Gull] ''Audubon Field Guide'' Retrieved April 5, 2016</ref>

	<ref name="birdweb.org">{{~~cite web~~\|url=http://birdweb.org/birdweb/bird/black-tailed_gull\|title=Black-tailed Gull\|website=Birdweb.org}}</ref>		<ref name="birdweb.org">{{Citiranje weba\|url=http://birdweb.org/birdweb/bird/black-tailed_gull\|title=Black-tailed Gull\|website=Birdweb.org}}</ref>

	<ref name="birdlife.org">{{~~cite web~~\|url=http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/speciesfactsheet.php?id=3211\|title=Black-tailed Gull Larus crassirostris Factsheet\|website=[[BirdLife International]]}}</ref>		<ref name="birdlife.org">{{Citiranje weba\|url=http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/speciesfactsheet.php?id=3211\|title=Black-tailed Gull Larus crassirostris Factsheet\|website=[[BirdLife International]]}}</ref>

	<ref name="japantimes.co.jp">[http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2003/11/22/national/shooing-away-pesky-birds-never-ending-job-at-haneda/ Shooing away pesky birds never-ending job at Haneda November 22, 2003] ''[[The Japan Times]]'' Retrieved April 5, 2016</ref>		<ref name="japantimes.co.jp">[http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2003/11/22/national/shooing-away-pesky-birds-never-ending-job-at-haneda/ Shooing away pesky birds never-ending job at Haneda November 22, 2003] ''[[The Japan Times]]'' Retrieved April 5, 2016</ref>

	<ref name="www.japantimes.co.jp-2">{{~~cite web~~\|last=Otaka\|first=Tomoko\|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2012/07/22/travel/power-spots-and-prehistory-in-beautiful-aomori-prefecture/\|title=Power spots and prehistory in beautiful Aomori Prefecture\|publisher=[[The Japan Times]]}}</ref>		<ref name="www.japantimes.co.jp-2">{{Citiranje weba\|last=Otaka\|first=Tomoko\|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2012/07/22/travel/power-spots-and-prehistory-in-beautiful-aomori-prefecture/\|title=Power spots and prehistory in beautiful Aomori Prefecture\|publisher=[[The Japan Times]]}}</ref>

	<ref name="japantimes.co.jp-3">{{~~cite web~~\|last=Bamforth\|first=Chris\|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2006/04/28/travel/here-be-the-land-of-the-gods/\|title=Here be the land of the gods\|date=28 April 2006\|publisher=[[The Japan Times]]}}</ref>		<ref name="japantimes.co.jp-3">{{Citiranje weba\|last=Bamforth\|first=Chris\|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2006/04/28/travel/here-be-the-land-of-the-gods/\|title=Here be the land of the gods\|date=28 April 2006\|publisher=[[The Japan Times]]}}</ref>

	<ref name="/www.japantimes.co.jp-4">{{~~cite web~~\|last=Brazil\|first=Mark\|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2000/07/05/environment/migrants-and-vagrants-under-teuris-crags/\|title=Migrants and vagrants under Teuri's crags\|date=5 July 2000\|publisher=[[The Japan Times]]}}</ref>		<ref name="/www.japantimes.co.jp-4">{{Citiranje weba\|last=Brazil\|first=Mark\|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2000/07/05/environment/migrants-and-vagrants-under-teuris-crags/\|title=Migrants and vagrants under Teuri's crags\|date=5 July 2000\|publisher=[[The Japan Times]]}}</ref>

	<ref name="k-dokdo.com">{{~~cite web~~ \|title=Characters of Dokdo \|url=http://k-dokdo.com/index.do?menu_id=00010079 \|website=K-Dokdo}}</ref>		<ref name="k-dokdo.com">{{Citiranje weba \|title=Characters of Dokdo \|url=http://k-dokdo.com/index.do?menu_id=00010079 \|website=K-Dokdo}}</ref>

	<ref name="english.cha.go.kr">{{Cite web\|url=http://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?sCcebKdcd=16&ccebAsno=03340000&sCcebCtcd=34\|title=Natural Monument 334\|website=Korean Cultural Heritage Administration\|archive-date=2018-06-10\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>		<ref name="english.cha.go.kr">{{Cite web\|url=http://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?sCcebKdcd=16&ccebAsno=03340000&sCcebCtcd=34\|title=Natural Monument 334\|website=Korean Cultural Heritage Administration\|archive-date=2018-06-10\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>
Redak 84:		Redak 84:
	<ref name="english.cha.go.kr-2">{{Cite web\|url=http://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?sCcebKdcd=16&ccebAsno=03350000&sCcebCtcd=38\|title=Natural Monument 335\|website=Korean Cultural Heritage Administration\|language=en\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>		<ref name="english.cha.go.kr-2">{{Cite web\|url=http://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?sCcebKdcd=16&ccebAsno=03350000&sCcebCtcd=38\|title=Natural Monument 335\|website=Korean Cultural Heritage Administration\|language=en\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>

	<ref name="birds.cornell.edu">{{~~cite web~~\|url=http://www.birds.cornell.edu/crows/Black_t_gull.htm\|title=Black-tailed Gull, Larus crassirostris, Charlotte Town Beach, Charlotte, Chittenden Co., VT, 23 October 2005}}</ref>		<ref name="birds.cornell.edu">{{Citiranje weba\|url=http://www.birds.cornell.edu/crows/Black_t_gull.htm\|title=Black-tailed Gull, Larus crassirostris, Charlotte Town Beach, Charlotte, Chittenden Co., VT, 23 October 2005}}</ref>

	<ref name="blog.aba.org">{{~~cite web~~\|last=Swick\|first=Nate\|url=http://blog.aba.org/2016/01/abarare-black-tailed-gull-illinois.html\|title=Rare – Black-tailed Gull – Illinois January 11, 2016\|publisher=[[American Birding Association]] blog}}</ref>		<ref name="blog.aba.org">{{Citiranje weba\|last=Swick\|first=Nate\|url=http://blog.aba.org/2016/01/abarare-black-tailed-gull-illinois.html\|title=Rare – Black-tailed Gull – Illinois January 11, 2016\|publisher=[[American Birding Association]] blog}}</ref>

	<ref name="blog.naver.com">{{Cite web\|url=https://blog.naver.com/koreamof?Redirect=Log&logNo=221120842135\|title=ko:해양수산부 공식 블로그 : 네이버 블로그\|website=blog.naver.com\|language=ko\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>		<ref name="blog.naver.com">{{Cite web\|url=https://blog.naver.com/koreamof?Redirect=Log&logNo=221120842135\|title=ko:해양수산부 공식 블로그 : 네이버 블로그\|website=blog.naver.com\|language=ko\|access-date=2018-06-10}}</ref>